Multiple bond via arrays of different wire heights on a same substrate

ABSTRACT

Apparatuses relating generally to a substrate are disclosed. In such an apparatus, first wire bond wires (“first wires”) extend from a surface of the substrate. Second wire bond wires (“second wires”) extend from the surface of the substrate. The first wires and the second wires are external to the substrate. The first wires are disposed at least partially within the second wires. The first wires are of a first height. The second wires are of a second height greater than the first height for coupling of at least one electronic component to the first wires at least partially disposed within the second wires.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)

This application is a continuation-in-part of, and hereby claimspriority to, pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/087,252, filedon Nov. 22, 2013, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated byreference herein for all purposes.

FIELD

The following description relates to integrated circuits (“ICs”). Moreparticularly, the following description relates to multiple bond viaarrays of different wire heights on a same substrate for an IC package.

BACKGROUND

Microelectronic assemblies generally include one or more ICs, such asfor example one or more packaged dies (“chips”) or one or more dies. Oneor more of such ICs may be mounted on a circuit platform, such as awafer such as in wafer-level-packaging (“WLP”), printed board (“PB”), aprinted wiring board (“PWB”), a printed circuit board (“PCB”), a printedwiring assembly (“PWA”), a printed circuit assembly (“PCA”), a packagesubstrate, an interposer, or a chip carrier. Additionally, one IC may bemounted on another IC. An interposer may be an IC or other type ofelectronic component, and an interposer may be a passive or an activeIC, where the latter includes one or more active devices, such astransistors for example, and the former does not include any activedevice. Furthermore, an interposer may be formed like a PWB, namelywithout any circuit elements such as capacitors, resistors, or activedevices. Additionally, an interposer includes at least onethrough-substrate-via.

An IC may include conductive elements, such as pathways, traces, tracks,vias, contacts, pads such as contact pads and bond pads, plugs, nodes,or terminals for example, that may be used for making electricalinterconnections with a circuit platform. These arrangements mayfacilitate electrical connections used to provide functionality of ICs.An IC may be coupled to a circuit platform by bonding, such as bondingtraces or terminals, for example, of such circuit platform to bond padsor exposed ends of pins or posts or the like of an IC. Additionally, aredistribution layer (“RDL”) may be part of an IC to facilitate aflip-chip configuration, die stacking, or more convenient or accessibleposition of bond pads for example. Conventional interconnecting of an ICto another IC or to a circuit platform has issues with solder bridging.

Accordingly, it would be desirable and useful to provide a structure forinterconnection of an IC that mitigates against solder bridging.

BRIEF SUMMARY

An apparatus relates generally to a substrate. In such an apparatus,first wire bond wires (“first wires”) extend from a surface of thesubstrate. Second wire bond wires (“second wires”) extend from thesurface of the substrate. The first wires and the second wires areexternal to the substrate. The first wires are disposed at leastpartially within the second wires. The first wires are of a firstheight. The second wires are of a second height greater than the firstheight for coupling of at least one electronic component to the firstwires at least partially disposed within the second wires.

Another apparatus relates generally to a substrate. In such anapparatus, first wire bond wires (“first wires”) extend from a surfaceof the substrate. Second wire bond wires (“second wires”) extend fromthe surface of the substrate. The first wires and the second wires areexternal to the substrate. The first wires are disposed at leastpartially within the second wires. The first wires are of a firstheight. The second wires are of a second height greater than the firstheight for coupling of: at least one electronic component to the secondwires disposed above the first wires; and at least one die to the firstwires at least partially disposed within the second wires.

Yet another apparatus relates generally to a substrate. In such anapparatus, first wire bond wires (“first wires”) extend from a surfaceof the substrate. Second wire bond wires (“second wires”) extend fromthe surface of the substrate. The first wires and the second wires areexternal to the substrate. The first wires are of a first height. Thesecond wires are of a second height greater than the first height.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING(S)

Accompanying drawing(s) show exemplary embodiment(s) in accordance withone or more aspects of exemplary apparatus(es) or method(s). However,the accompanying drawings should not be taken to limit the scope of theclaims, but are for explanation and understanding only.

FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view depicting anexemplary portion of an in-process wafer for providing an integratedcircuit (“IC”).

FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view depicting anexemplary portion of an in-process wafer for providing another IC.

FIG. 1C is the diagram of FIG. 1A with the IC vertically flipped afterchemical-mechanical-polishing of a lower surface of a substrate of theIC.

FIG. 1D is the diagram of FIG. 1A with the IC vertically flipped after abackside etch of a lower surface of a substrate of the IC to reveal alower end contact surface of a via conductor thereof.

FIG. 1E is the diagram of FIG. 1D with a lower surface of the IC havingformed thereon a passivation layer, which may be formed of one or moredielectric layers.

FIG. 2A is a block diagram of a cross-sectional view depicting anexemplary three-dimensional (“3D”) IC packaged component with viastructures.

FIG. 2B is a block diagram of a cross-sectional view depicting anotherexemplary 3D IC packaged component with via structures.

FIGS. 3A through 3M are respective block diagrams of side viewsdepicting an exemplary portion of a process flow for processing asubstrate to provide such substrate with two or more bond via arrayswith wires of different heights.

FIG. 4A is a block diagram depicting an exemplary e-beam system.

FIG. 4B is a top-down angled perspective view depicting a portion of anexemplary in-process package for a die stack formed using the e-beamsystem of FIG. 4A.

FIG. 4C is the in-process package of FIG. 4B after deposition of aspacer or molding layer onto a top surface of a substrate.

FIGS. 5A through 5D are block diagrams of respective side views ofsubstrates 301 with various exemplary configurations of wires that maybe formed using the e-beam system of FIG. 4A or photolithography asgenerally described with reference to FIGS. 3A through 3M.

FIGS. 6A through 6D are block diagrams of side views of exemplarypackage-on-package assemblies (“die stacks”) assembled using a substratehaving two or more bond via arrays with wires of different heights.

FIGS. 6E-1 through 6E-9 are block diagrams of side views of exemplarypackage-on-package assemblies (“die stacks”), each of which may have twoor more bond via arrays with wires of different heights.

FIGS. 7A through 7E-3 are block diagrams of side views depicting severalexemplary die stacks, which may in part be commonly formed withreference to FIGS. 7A through 7D thereof.

FIGS. 8A and 8B are respective top-down perspective views depictingexemplary angled wire configurations.

FIGS. 9A and 9B are respective block diagrams of side views of exemplaryin-process bond via array configurations.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth toprovide a more thorough description of the specific examples describedherein. It should be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, thatone or more other examples or variations of these examples may bepracticed without all the specific details given below. In otherinstances, well known features have not been described in detail so asnot to obscure the description of the examples herein. For ease ofillustration, the same number labels are used in different diagrams torefer to the same items; however, in alternative examples the items maybe different.

The following description generally relates to two or more bond viaarrays (BVAs”) on a same surface of a substrate. At least two of thesebond via arrays have wires of distinctly different heights foraccommodation of die stacking within at least one of such bond viaarrays and in some applications vias or wires may have differentelectrical resistivities and/or elastic moduli.

FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view depicting anexemplary portion of an in-process wafer for providing an IC 10component. IC 10 includes a substrate 12 of a semiconductor materialsuch as silicon (Si), gallium arsenide (GaAs), polymeric, ceramic,carbon-based substrates such as diamond, a silicon carbon (SiC),germanium (Ge), Si_(1-x)Ge_(x), or the like. Even though a semiconductorsubstrate 12 as provided from an in-process wafer is generally describedbelow, any sheet or layer semiconductor material or dielectric material,such as ceramic or glass for example, may be used as a substrate.Furthermore, even though an IC 10 is described, any microelectroniccomponent that includes one or more through-substrate via structures maybe used.

Substrate 12 includes an upper surface 14 and a lower surface 16 thatextend in lateral directions and are generally parallel to each other ata thickness of substrate 12. Use of terms such as “upper” and “lower” orother directional terms is made with respect to the reference frame ofthe figures and is not meant to be limiting with respect to potentialalternative orientations, such as in further assemblies or as used invarious systems.

Upper surface 14 may generally be associated with what is referred to asa “front side” 4 of an in-process wafer, and lower surface 16 maygenerally be associated with what is referred to as a “backside” 6 of anin-process wafer. Along those lines, a front-side 4 of an in-processwafer may be used for forming what is referred to as front-end-of-line(“FEOL”) structures 3 and back-end-of-line (“BEOL”) structures 5.Generally, FEOL structures 3 may include shallow trench isolations(“STI”) 7, transistor gates 8, transistor source/drain regions (notshown), transistor gate dielectrics (not shown), contact etch stop layer(“CESL”; not shown), a pre-metallization dielectric or pre-metaldielectric (“PMD”) 11, and contact plugs 9, among other FEOL structures.A PMD 11 may be composed of one or more layers. Generally, BEOLstructures 5 may include one or more inter-level dielectrics (“ILDs”)and one or more levels of metallization (“M”). In this example, thereare four ILDs, namely ILD1, ILD2, ILD3, and ILD4; however, in otherconfigurations there may be fewer or more ILDs. Furthermore, each ILDmay be composed of one or more dielectric layers. In this example, thereare five levels of metallization, namely M1, M2, M3, M4, and M5;however, in other configurations there may be fewer or more levels ofmetallization. Additionally, metal from a metallization level may extendthrough one or more ILDs, as is known. Furthermore, each level ofmetallization may be composed of one or more metal layers. A passivationlevel 13 may be formed on a last metallization layer. Such passivationlevel 13 may include one or more dielectric layers, and further mayinclude an anti-reflective coating (“ARC”). Furthermore, aredistribution layer (“RDL”) may be formed on such passivation level.Conventionally, an RDL may include: a dielectric layer, such as apolyimide layer for example; another metal layer on such dielectriclayer and connected to a bond pad of a metal layer of a lastmetallization level; and another dielectric layer, such as anotherpolyimide layer for example, over such RDL metal layer while leaving aportion thereof exposed to provide another bond pad. A terminal openingmay expose such other bond pad of such RDL metal layer. Thereafter, asolder bump or wire bond may be conventionally coupled to such bond pad.

As part of a FEOL or BEOL structure formation, a plurality of viastructures 18 may extend within openings formed in substrate 12 whichextend into substrate 12. Via structures 18 may be generally in the formof any solid of any shape formed by filling an opening formed insubstrate 12. Examples of such solid shapes generally includecylindrical, conical, frustoconical, rectangular prismatic, cubic, orthe like. Examples of openings for via structures, vias, and processesfor the fabrication thereof, may be found in U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 13/193,814 filed Jul. 29, 2011 (now U.S. Pat. No. 8,816,505),and U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 12/842,717 and 12/842,651 bothfiled on Jul. 23, 2010 (now U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,791,575 and 8,796,135,respectively), and each of these patent applications (now patents) ishereby incorporated by reference herein for all purposes to the extentsame is consistent with the description hereof.

Conventionally, via structures 18 may extend from upper surface 14 downtoward lower surface 16, and after a backside reveal, via structures 18may extend between surfaces 14 and 16, as effectively thickness ofsubstrate 12 may be thinned so as to reveal lower end surfaces of viastructures 18, as described below in additional detail. Via structures18 extending through substrate 12 between surfaces 14 and 16, thoughthey may extend above or below such surfaces, respectively, may bereferred to as through-substrate-vias. As substrates are often formed ofsilicon, such through-substrate-vias are commonly referred to as TSVs,which stands for through-silicon-vias.

Such openings formed in substrate 12 may be conformally coated,oxidized, or otherwise lined with a liner or insulator 15.Conventionally, liner 15 is silicon dioxide; however, a silicon oxide, asilicon nitride, or another dielectric material may be used toelectrically isolate via structures 18 from substrate 12. Generally,liner 15 is an insulating or dielectric material positioned between anyand all conductive portions of a via structure 18 and substrate 12 suchthat an electronic signal, a ground, a supply voltage, or the likecarried by such via structure 18 is not substantially leaked intosubstrate 12, which may cause signal loss or attenuation, shorting, orother circuit failure.

Overlying a liner 15 may be a barrier layer 24. Generally, barrier layer24 is to provide a diffusion barrier with respect to a metallic materialused to generally fill a remainder of an opening in which a viastructure 18 is formed. Barrier layer 24 may be composed of one or morelayers. Furthermore, a barrier layer 24 may provide a seed layer forsubsequent electroplating or other deposition, and thus barrier layer 24may be referred to as a barrier/seed layer. Moreover, barrier layer 24may provide an adhesion layer for adherence of a subsequently depositedmetal. Thus, barrier layer 24 may be a barrier/adhesion layer, abarrier/seed layer, or a barrier/adhesion/seed layer. Examples ofmaterials that may be used for barrier layer 24 include tantalum (Ta),tantalum nitride (TaN), palladium (Pd), titanium nitride (TiN), TaSiN,compounds of Ta, compounds of Ti, compounds of nickel (Ni), compounds ofcopper (Cu), compounds of cobalt (Co), or compounds of tungsten (W),among others.

Via structures 18 may generally consist of a metallic or otherconductive material generally filling a remaining void in an openingformed in substrate 12 to provide a via conductor 21. In variousexamples, a via conductor 21 of a via structure 18 may generally consistof copper or a copper alloy. However, a via conductor 21 mayadditionally or alternatively include one or more other conductivematerials such as tantalum, nickel, titanium, molybdenum, tungsten,aluminum, gold, or silver, including various alloys or compounds of oneor more of the these materials, and the like. A via conductor 21 mayinclude non-metallic additives to control various environmental oroperational parameters of a via structure 18.

Via structures 18 may each include an upper end contact surface 20 whichmay be level with upper surface 14 of substrate 12 and a lower endcontact surface 22 which may be level with lower surface 16 of substrate12 after a backside reveal. End surfaces 20 and 22 may be used tointerconnect via structures 18 with other internal or externalcomponents, as below described in additional detail.

In this example, upper end contact surface 20 of via conductors 21 areinterconnected to M1 through a respective contact pad 23. Contact pads23 may be formed in respective openings formed in PMD 11 in which M1extends. However, in other configurations, one or more via conductors 21may extend to one or more other higher levels of metallization throughone or more ILDs. Furthermore, via structure 18 is what may be referredto as a front side TSV, as an opening used to form via structure isinitially formed by etching from a front side of substrate 12.

However, a via structure may be a backside TSV, as generally indicatedin FIG. 1B, where there is shown a schematic diagram of across-sectional view depicting an exemplary portion of an in-processwafer for providing another IC 10. Fabrication of a backside TSV isgenerally referred to as a “via last approach,” and accordinglyfabrication of a front side TSV is generally referred to as a “via firstapproach.”

IC 10 of FIG. 1B includes a plurality of via structures 18, which arebackside TSVs. For a backside TSV for via structure 18, liner 15 may bea deposited polymer into a “donut” silicon trench etch and deposited onlower surface 16 as a passivation layer 28, followed by a centralsilicon trench etch to remove an inner portion of the “donut” silicontrench, and followed by a seed layer deposition before patterning andelectroplating to provide via conductors 21 having respective solderbump pads or landings 29. Optionally, a conventional anisotropic siliconetch may be used prior to depositing and patterning a polymer isolationlayer as liner 15.

For purposes of clarity by way of example and not limitation, it shallbe assumed that front side TSVs are used, as the following descriptionis generally equally applicable to backside TSVs.

FIG. 1C is the diagram of FIG. 1A with IC 10 after achemical-mechanical-polishing (“CMP”) of a lower surface 16 of asubstrate 12. Such CMP may be performed to temporarily reveal lower endcontact surface 22, and thus portions of liner 15 and barrier layer 24previously underlying lower end contact surface 22 may be removed byCMP. Thus, in this example, lower end contact surface 22 may be coplanarand level with lower surface 16.

FIG. 1D is the diagram of FIG. 1A with IC 10 after a backside etch of alower surface 16 of substrate 12 to temporarily reveal a lower endcontact surface 22 of a via conductor 21. In this example, lower endcontact surface 22 may be coplanar with lower surface 16; however, asvia conductor 21, and optionally barrier layer 24, may protrude fromsubstrate 12 after a backside reveal etch, lower end contact surface 22in this example is not level with lower surface 16. For purposes ofclarity and not limitation, IC 10 of FIG. 1D shall be further described,as the following description may likewise apply to IC 10 of FIG. 1C.

FIG. 1E is the diagram of FIG. 1D with a lower surface 16 of a substrate12 having formed thereon a passivation layer 31, which may be formed ofone or more dielectric layers. Furthermore, passivation layer 31 may bea polymer layer. For example, passivation layer 31 may be abenzocyclobutene (“BOB”) layer or a combination of a silicon nitridelayer and a BCB layer. In some applications, passivation layer 31 may bereferred to as an inter-die layer. A metal layer 32, such as a copper,copper alloy, or other metal previously described, may be formed onpassivation layer 31 and on lower end contact surfaces 22 of viaconductors 21. This metal layer 32 may be an RDL metal layer. Balls 33may be respectively formed on bonding pads 34, where such pads may beformed on or as part of metal layer 32. Balls 33 may be formed of abonding material, such as solder or other bonding material. Balls 33 maybe microbumps, C4 bumps, ball grid array (“BGA”) balls, or some otherdie interconnect structure. In some applications, metal layer 32 may bereferred to as a landing pad.

More recently, TSVs have been used to provide what is referred to asthree-dimensional (“3D”) ICs or “3D ICs.” Generally, attaching one dieto another using, in part, TSVs may be performed at a bond pad level oran on-chip electrical wiring level. ICs 10 may be diced from a waferinto single dies. Such single dies may be bonded to one another orbonded to a circuit platform, as previously described. For purposes ofclarity by way of example and not limitation, it shall be assumed thatan interposer is used for such circuit platform.

Interconnection components, such as interposers, may be in electronicassemblies for a variety of purposes, including facilitatinginterconnection between components with different connectionconfigurations or to provide spacing between components in amicroelectronic assembly, among others. Interposers may include asemiconductor layer, such as of silicon or the like, in the form of asheet or layer of material or other substrate having conductive elementssuch as conductive vias extending within openings which extend throughsuch layer of semiconductor material. Such conductive vias may be usedfor signal transmission through such interposer. In some interposers,ends of such vias may be used as contact pads for connection of suchinterposer to other microelectronics components. In other examples, oneor more RDLs may be formed as part of such interposer on one or moresides thereof and connected with one or both ends of such vias. An RDLmay include numerous conductive traces extending on or within one ormore dielectric sheets or layers. Such traces may be provided in onelevel or in multiple levels throughout a single dielectric layer,separated by portions of dielectric material within such RDL. Vias maybe included in an RDL to interconnect traces in different levels of suchRDL.

FIG. 2A is a block diagram of a cross-sectional view depicting anexemplary 3D IC packaged component 50 with via structures 18. While astacked die or a package-on-package die may include TSV interconnects,use of via structures 18 for a 3D IC packaged component 50 is describedfor purposes of clarity by way of example. In this example of a 3D ICpackaged component 50, there are three ICs 10, namely ICs 10-1, 10-2,and 10-3, stacked one upon the other. In other implementations, theremay be fewer or more than three ICs 10 in a stack. ICs 10 may be bondedto one another using microbumps 52 or flip-chip solder bumps.Optionally, Cu pillars extending from a backside of a die may be used.Some of these microbumps 52 may be interconnected to via structures 18.For example, a Cu/Sn microbump transient liquid phase (“TLP”) bondingtechnology may be used for bonding ICs to one another. Thus,interconnect layers may be on one upper or lower side or both upper andlower sides of an IC 10 of a 3D stack.

A bottom IC 10-3 of such ICs in a 3D stack optionally may be coupled toan interposer or interposer die 40. Interposer 40 may be an active dieor a passive die. For purposes of clarity and not limitation, it shallbe assumed that interposer 40 is a passive die. IC 10-3 may be coupledto interposer 40 by microbumps 52. Interposer 40 may be coupled to apackage substrate. A package substrate may be formed of thin layerscalled laminates or laminate substrates. Laminates may be organic orinorganic. Examples of materials for “rigid” package substrates includean epoxy-based laminate such as FR4, a resin-based laminate such asbismaleimide-triazine (“BT”), a ceramic substrate, a glass substrate, orother form of package substrate. An under fill 54 for a flip chipattachment may encapsulate C4 bumps or other solder balls 53 used tocouple interposer die 40 and package substrate 41. A spreader/heat sink(“heat sink”) 43 may be attached to package substrate 41, and such heatsink 43 and substrate package 41 in combination may encase ICs 10 andinterposer 40 of such 3D stack. A thermal paste 42 may couple an uppersurface of IC 10-1 on top of such 3D stack to an upper internal surfaceof such heat sink 43. Ball grid array (“BGA”) balls or other arrayinterconnects 44 may be used to couple package substrate 41 to a circuitplatform, such as a PCB for example.

FIG. 2B is a block diagram of a cross-sectional view depicting anotherexemplary 3D IC packaged component 50 with via structures 18. 3D ICpackaged components 50 of FIGS. 2A and 2B are the same except for thefollowing differences; in FIG. 2B, another IC 10-4 is separately coupledvia microbumps 52 to interposer 40, where IC 10-4 is not coupled in thestack of ICs 10-1, 10-2, and 10-3. Furthermore, interposer 40 includesmetal and via layers for providing wires 47 for interconnecting ICs 10-3and 10-4. Furthermore, interposer 40 includes via structures 18 coupledto IC 10-4 through microbumps 52.

3D wafer-level packaging (“3D-WLP”) may be used for interconnecting twoor more ICs, one or more ICs to an interposer, or any combinationthereof, where interconnects thereof may use via structures 18.Optionally, ICs may be interconnected die-to-die (“D2D”) or chip-to-chip(“C2C”), where interconnects thereof may use via structures 18. Further,optionally, ICs may be interconnected die-to-wafer (“D2W”) orchip-to-wafer (“C2W”), where interconnects thereof may use viastructures 18. Accordingly, any of a variety of die stacking or chipstacking approaches may be used to provide a 3D stacked IC (“3D-SIC” or“3D-IC”).

FIGS. 3A through 3M are respective block diagrams of side viewsdepicting an exemplary portion process flow 300 for processing asubstrate 301 to provide a substrate 301 with two or more bond viaarrays with wires of different heights. Such wire heights may besufficiently different for forming package-on-package components withone or more dies stacked within at least one of such bond via arrays.For purposes of clarity by way of example and not limitation, it shallbe assumed that substrate 301 includes a fabricated multi-layeredstructure (“substrate”) with generally any and all BEOL and/or FEOLprocessing operations having been completed. In passive dieconfigurations, such as a passive interposer for example, there may notbe any FEOL processing operations. As used above, substrate 12 of FIG.1A for example was a single layer. However, more generally a substrate301 may be a single layer or multiple layers used to form a passive oractive component. Along those lines, a semiconductor die may be referredto as a substrate 301. Generally, a substrate 301 may be any sheet,wafer or layer of semiconductor material or dielectric material, such asgallium-arsenide, silicon-germanium, ceramic, polymer, polymercomposite, glass-epoxy, glass, or other suitable low-cost, rigid orsemi-rigid material or bulk semiconductor material for structuralsupport. Furthermore substrate 301 may be a printed circuit board(“PCB”) or a package substrate or a semiconductive or non-conductivematerial. For purposes of clarity by way of example and not limitation,it shall be assumed that substrate 301 is a package substrate, such as alogic package for a stacked die. However, substrate 301 in otherexamples may be an interposer or other form of substrate for providingan IC, including without limitation a 3D IC.

A conductor seed layer 302 is deposited onto an upper surface ofsubstrate 301. Such seed layer 302 may be an adhesion layer and/or aseed layer (“seed/adhesion layer”). Seed/adhesion layer 302 may be ametal or metal compound, such as for example using one or more of copper(Cu), aluminum (Al), tin (Sn), platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni), gold (Au),tungsten (W), or silver (Ag), or other suitable conductive material.Furthermore, such seed layer may be deposited by plasma vapor deposition(PVD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), sputtering, printing, plating,or other suitable form of deposition. For purposes of clarity and notlimitation, it shall be assumed that seed/adhesion layer 302 is plated.A wet chemistry, such as for electrolytic plating or electrolessplating, may be used.

At FIG. 3B, a resist layer 303 is deposited on seed/adhesion layer 302.Resist 303 may be a photoresist or other resist suitable for patterning.At FIG. 3C, a mask 304 is positioned over resist for exposure to light305, such as in photolithography. Even though the example of a positiveresist is used for purposes of clarity, a negative resist may be used inother implementations. For a positive resist 303, portions of suchresist 303 exposed to light 305 become soluble to a photoresistdeveloper. At FIG. 3D, such exposed portions of resist 303 are removed.In this example, a central block 306 of resist 303, along with right andleft arrays of spaced-apart resist pins 307 to either side of centralblock 306 are left as disposed on seed/adhesion layer 302.

At FIG. 3E, through-mask plating 308 is used to form wires 310, namely“short” wires 310 extending from seed/adhesion layer 302 in gaps betweenwires of spaced-apart resist pins 307. Plating 308 may be anelectrolytic or electroless plating as previously described.Furthermore, another form of conductive material deposition may be usedinstead of plating 308, such as described elsewhere herein.

As will be appreciated from the following description, alternatively“tall” wires 320 may be formed at FIG. 3E, with a subsequent masking andmetal etch back to form “short” wires 310 from a portion of such “tall”wires 320. However, for purposes of clarity by way of example and notlimitation, it shall be assumed that short wires 310 are formed at FIG.3E.

At FIG. 3F, resist 333 is deposited. Optionally, in anotherimplementation, such deposition of resist 333 may not be preceded by aprior removal of resist 303, such as by ashing, after formation of shortwires 310. However, in this implementation, resist 303 is removed priorto deposition of resist 333. In one example, an injection printer nozzlemaybe used to coat resist or mask at regions to prevent subsequent metalcoating in such blocked regions.

At FIG. 3G, a mask 309 is positioned over resist for exposure to light305, such as in photolithography. Again, even though the example of apositive resist is used for purposes of clarity, a negative resist maybe used in other implementations. At FIG. 3H, such exposed portions ofresist 303 are removed. In this example, a central block 316 of resist303, along with right and left arrays of spaced-apart resist pins 317 toeither side of central block 316 are left as disposed on seed/adhesionlayer 302 and short wires 310.

At FIG. 3I, a through-mask plating 308 is used to form tall wires 320from extending from exposed ends of short wires 310 in gaps betweenwires of spaced-apart resist pins 317. Again, plating 308 may be anelectrolytic or electroless plating as previously described, or anotherform of conductive material deposition may be used instead of plating308, such as described elsewhere herein.

At FIG. 3J, remaining resist 303 may be removed by ashing 312 or by wetresist selectively wet etched or by other known methods. Leaving shortwires 310 and tall wires 320 respectively extending from seed/adhesionlayer 302. From an upper surface of seed/adhesion layer 302 to distalends of short wires 310, such short wires 310 may have a height 321.Likewise, from an upper surface of seed/adhesion layer 302 to distalends of tall wires 320, such tall wires 320 may have a height 322. Adifference 319 in heights 321 and 322 from distal ends of short wires310 to distal ends of tall wires 320 may be at least approximately thethickness of a die to be coupled to such distal ends of short wires 310.

At FIG. 3K, a blanket metal etch 313 may be used to remove seed/adhesionlayer 302 not located under and forming part of wires 310 and 320. Forexample, an anisotropic wet etch may be used. Such etch may remove upperportions of wires 310 and 320. However, a height 319 may be maintainedafter such blanket metal etch 313. After etching at 313, such assemblageof substrate 301 may be cleaned.

Substrate 301 may have multiple sets of bond via arrays as generallyindicated in FIG. 3L. In a set 325, substrate 301 has a first bond viaarray 324 with short wires 310 extending from a top surface 318 ofsubstrate 301, and a second bond via array 323 with tall wires 320extending from a top surface 318 of substrate 301. First bond via array324 is disposed at least partially within second bond via array 323.Short wires 310 of first bond via array 324 are of a first height, suchas for example height 321, and tall wires of second bond via array 323are of a second height, such as for example height 322, greater thansuch first height for a package-on-package (“PoP”) configuration.Attachment of one or more dies may include molding to provide sufficientsupport for such attachments. Even though generally PoP configurationsare described herein, such PoP configurations may include one or more ofthrough mold vias (“TMVs”), TSVs, BGAs, flip-chip interconnects, orother forms of interconnects. Furthermore, configurations other than PoPmay be used, including PiP and SiP configurations for example.

In FIG. 3M, a molding layer 673 may be deposited, such that tips of bondvia arrays 324, as well as bond via arrays 323, extend above suchmolding layer 673. Dies 626 and 627, as described below in additionaldetail, may be respectively interconnected to bond via arrays 324 and323 at a wafer-level, such as a silicon wafer for example, or otherlarge substrate 301 level. Dies 626 may be interconnected to tips ofcorresponding bond via arrays 324 by bumps 623, as described below inadditional detail, such as flip-chip bonded for example. Rather thanbumps 623, optionally wire bonds may be used. However, for purposes ofclarity and not limitation, generally bumps 623 are describedhereinbelow. In another configuration, stacked or staggered orprogressively larger overlapping dies, such as dies 626 and 627 in DRAMor NAND flash for example, may be interconnected using bond via arraysas described herein. In a staggered stacking, bond via array 324 mayextend partially within bond via array 323, as bond via array 324 mayextend in at least one direction, such as orthogonally with respect tothe sheet of the drawing for example, beyond or outside of bond viaarray 323. For purposes of clarity by way of example and not limitation,it shall be assumed that bond via array 324 is disposed completelywithin bond via array 323.

Optionally, bond via arrays may be formed with e-beam. FIG. 4A is ablock diagram depicting an exemplary e-beam system 400. Even though ane-beam is described below, another type of optically provided energybeam may be used, such as a laser beam for example, in otherimplementations. E-beam system 400 includes an e-beam optical subsystem401 for controllably generating and projecting an e-beam 402. Wire 403,which may come from a spool housed inside or outside of an e-beamchamber, may be fed into a wire spool control head 404. Wire spoolcontrol head 404 may be vertically translated up or down in az-direction 405 with respect to top surface 318 of substrate 301.Conventionally, e-beam system 400 is computer controlled for determiningpower level and time to fuse bond wires 420 at a contact zone on topsurface 318 of substrate 301. Accordingly, spacing between wires 420 mayvary from application to application. Spacing between such wires 420 fora bond via array may be as small as one-diameter of a wire 420 or evensmaller.

Wire spool control head 404 may feed wires 403 of various lengths toform bond via arrays of wires 420 of various heights. E-beam 402 may beused to heat ends of such wires 420 for attachment to top surface 318 ofsubstrate 301. Because an e-beam 402 is used for wire bonding, heatingis localized so as not to adversely affect other circuitry of substrate301 or adjacent wire bonds. In other words, a heat affected zone may beso small as to be practically non-existent. Wire spool control head 404may be configured to precision cut wire 403 for providing such wires 420of various heights. In this example, a copper wire with a lead (Pb)coating is used for wire 403.

A platen or platform 410, upon which substrate 301 is placed, may belaterally translated in an x-direction 411 and/or y-direction 412. Suchtranslation may be used to provide rows or columns of wires to form bondvia arrays with wires of various heights. Furthermore, platform 410 maybe rotated 413 for such lateral translation. Optionally, another e-beamoptical subsystem 421 or a beam splitting optical subsystem 421 may beused to provide an e-beam 422 for cutting wire 403. With respect to thelatter subsystem, such beam splitting optical subsystem 421 may bepositioned to split e-beam 402 output from e-beam optical subsystem 401for providing such optional cutting capability.

FIG. 4B is a top-down angled perspective view depicting a portion of anexemplary in-process package 440 for a die stack formed using e-beamsystem 400 of FIG. 4A. A bond via array 505, or bond via array 502, and501 may be respectively formed of medium wires 515, or tall wires 520,and short wires 510. In this example, wires 510 and 515 or 520 arefusion bonded to substrate 301 using an e-beam, such as of FIG. 4A. Eventhough wires 510, 515, and 520 may be at a non-perpendicular angle withrespect to surface 441 of a substrate of package 440 to which they areattached or coupled, such as illustratively depicted, in otherembodiments such wires may be perpendicular to such surface. Short wires510 may correspond to short wires 310 of FIG. 3L, and tall wires 520 maycorrespond to tall wires 320 of FIG. 3L. Medium wires 515 may be betweenshort and tall wires 510 and 520 in height, as described below inadditional detail. Wires 510, 515, or 520 may be ball bonded to planarsurface 441, such as by EFO wire bonding. Additionally, there may bepads, as well as pad openings, (not shown for purposes of clarity andnot limitation) along surface 441.

Even though wire bond wires 510, 515, and 520 are illustrativelydepicted as being in corresponding arrays, such wires may or may not bein a corresponding array. Accordingly, wire bond wires 510, 515, and/or520 may be unevenly spaced with respect to corresponding wire bond wires510, 515, and/or 520. Moreover, wire bond wires 510 and/or wire bondstherefor may have generally different or same dimensions with referenceto diameters or widths or cross sections (“cross sectional dimensions”)with respect to one another. Likewise, wire bond wires 515 and 520, aswell as wire bonds therefor, may have generally different or samediameters or widths or cross sections with respect to one another. Wirebonds of such wire bond wires 510, 515, and/or 520 may be disposedexternally on a surface of a substrate and extend away from suchsurface.

FIG. 4C is the in-process package 440 of FIG. 4B after deposition of aspacer or molding layer 430 onto a top surface of substrate 301. Aftersuch deposition, such as described below in additional detail, only topportions of short wires 510, as well as top portions of wires 515 or520, may extend above a top surface 431 of such spacer layer 430. Alongthose lines, top ends 432, such as of short wires 510, may be accessiblefor metallurgical attachment of a die, such as by deposition of solderballs or bumps 454 onto such top ends 432 for reflow for example. In oneimplementation, a bond structure or structures may be disposed on a dieside to be connected or coupled with various wires as described herein.

FIGS. 5A through 5D are block diagrams of respective side views ofsubstrates 301 with various exemplary configurations of wires that maybe formed using e-beam system 400 of FIG. 4A or photolithography asgenerally described with reference to FIGS. 3A through 3L. In FIG. 5A,an ultra-high density input/output pitch for a bond via array 501 ofshort wires 510 extending from substrate 301 is illustratively depicted.Generally, such pitch may be approximately −0.5 mm or less; thoughlarger pitches than this upper limit may be used in someimplementations. Additionally, for example, a pitch as small as 10microns may be used in some implementations. In FIG. 5B, in addition tobond via arrays 501 as in FIG. 5A, substrate 301 has extending therefromtall wires 520 to provide a bond via array 502. One or more bond viaarrays 501 may be located inside of bond via array 502, which may beused for example by a peripheral I/O. Furthermore, tall wires 520 may beformed of a different material than short wires 510. For example, tallwired 520 may be formed of nickel or tungsten (W) and/or theirrespective alloys, and short wires may be formed another conductivematerial as described elsewhere herein.

Furthermore, wires of various heights as well as various conductivematerials may be used, as generally indicated with reference to FIG. 5C.FIG. 5C includes wires 510 and 520 respectively for bond via arrays 501and 502 as in FIG. 5B, as well as bond via arrays 505 of “medium” wires515. Medium wires 515 may have a height 519 which is between heights ofwires 510 and 520. Differences in heights as between wires 510, 515,and/or 520 may be to accommodate different thicknesses of one or moredies and/or packages, as well as one or more interfaces therebetween,disposed within an outer bond via array. In the example of FIG. 5C, aninner bond via array 501 has an open middle section 516, and such innerbond via array 501 is within a middle bond via array 505, and suchmiddle bond via array 505 is within an outer bond via array 502.However, bond via arrays may be positioned for close compact stackingtoo, as illustratively depicted in FIG. 5D, where bond via array 501 hasno open middle section 516 and resides within an outer bond via array505 formed of “middle” wires 515.

FIGS. 6A through 6D are block diagrams of side views of exemplarypackage-on-package assemblies (“die stacks”) 601 through 613 assembledusing a substrate 301 having two or more bond via arrays with wires ofdifferent heights. Wires of such bond via arrays of die stacks 601through 613 may be formed using e-beam fusion bonded wires. Optionally,an underfill layer 671 may be deposited on an upper surface of substrate301 after formation of wires of one or more bond via arrays, asdescribed below in additional detail, such as to provide additionalstructural support. One or more other underfill layers may follow suchunderfill layer 671, though they may not be illustratively depicted forpurposes of clarity and not limitation. Optionally, underfill layer 671may be omitted, such as to have a dielectric constant of air and/or toprovide for airflow through a package for cooling. FIGS. 6A through 6Dare further described with simultaneous reference to FIGS. 5A through5D, as well as simultaneous reference to FIGS. 6A through 6D.

For die stack 601, short wires 510 of a bond via array 501 coupled tosubstrate 301 are coupled to a backside surface of a die 626. A frontside surface of die 626 may have coupled thereto a spacer layer 622,such as a layer of polymer or an epoxy used for molding and/orencapsulation. A front side surface of a die 627 may be placed on top ofsuch spacer layer 622. A backside surface of die 627 may be wire bondedwith wire bonds 621 to top ends of medium wires 515 of a bond via array505 coupled to substrate 301. In this example, both of dies 626 and 627are disposed within bond via array 505. In this configuration, die 626may be referred to as an up or upward facing die, and die 627 may bereferred to as a down or downward facing die.

For die stack 602, short wires 510 of a bond via array 501 coupled tosubstrate 301 are coupled to a backside surface of a die 626. A frontside surface of die 626 may have coupled thereto a spacer layer 622. Aright side portion of a backside surface of a die 627 may be placed ontop of such spacer layer 622 and a left side portion of such backsidesurface of die 627 may be placed on tops of top ends of a left portionof a bond via array 505 of medium wires 515. A right side portion of afront side surface of die 627 may be wire bonded with wire bonds 621 totop ends of medium wires 515 of a right side portion of bond via array505 coupled to substrate 301. In this example, both of dies 626 and 627are upward facing.

For die stack 603, dies 626 and 627 may be attached to one another withintervening bumps or balls (“bumps”) 623, such as micro bumps forexample. Again, rather than bumps 623, wire bonds may optionally beused. Material for bumps 623 may include one or more of solder, Al, Sn,Ni, Au, Ag, Pb, Bi, Cu, Pt, or the like. For example, bump material maybe eutectic Sn/Pb solder, lead-free solder, or high-lead solder. Anunder bump metallization (“UBM”) layer (not shown) and an insulatinglayer (not shown), as well as other known details for die-to-dieinterconnect, may be included, though not particularly shown here forpurposes of clarity and not limitation. Thus, for example, dies 626 and627 may be interconnected with a flip-chip, ball grid array (“BGA”) orother die-to-die interconnect technology prior to being coupled tosubstrate 301, as generally indicated by arrow 624. In this example,backside surfaces of dies 626 and 627 face one another. Accordingly, afront side surface of die 626 may be coupled to a bond via array 501,and an un-interconnected portion of such backside surface of die 627 maybe coupled to a bond via array 505.

For die stack 604, short wires 510 of a bond via array 501 coupled tosubstrate 301 are coupled to a backside surface of a die 626. A frontside surface of die 626 may have coupled thereto a spacer layer 622. Afront side surface of a die 627 may be placed on top of such spacerlayer 622. A backside surface of die 627 may be coupled to aredistribution layer (“RDL”) 628, which may include one or more metallayers and one or more dielectric layers. Top ends of medium wires 515of a bond via array 505 coupled to substrate 301 may be coupled to RDL628 on a same side of die 627 to which RDL 628 is coupled. In thisexample, both of dies 626 and 627 are disposed within bond via array505. In this configuration, die 626 is upward facing die, and die 627 isdownward facing die.

For die stack 605, short wires 510 of a bond via array 501 coupled tosubstrate 301 are coupled to a backside surface of a die 626. A frontside surface of die 626 may have coupled thereto a spacer layer 622. Abackside surface of a die 627 may be placed on top of such spacer layer622. Top ends of medium wires 515 of a bond via array 505 coupled tosubstrate 301 may be coupled to such backside surface of die 627, and afront side surface of die 627 may have disposed thereon another spacerlayer 625. On top of spacer layer 625 may be disposed a backside surfaceof a die 629. Top ends of tall wires 520 of a bond via array 502 coupledto substrate 301 may be coupled to such backside surface of die 629. Inthis example, both of dies 626 and 627 are disposed within bond viaarray 502. In this configuration, dies 626, 627 and 629 are all upwardfacing.

Die stack 606 is similar to die stack 605, except generally for thefollowing differences. A backside surface of die 629 may be coupled toRDL 628, and another portion of RDL 628 may be coupled to top ends oftall wires 520 of a bond via array 502 coupled to substrate 301.

Die stack 607 is similar to die stack 606, except generally for thefollowing differences. Rather than wire bonding via wires 621 to topends of tall wires 520 of a bond via array 502 coupled to substrate 301,and RDL 628 is disposed on an coupled to a top of die 629 and on topends of wires 520, which coupling may be metallurgical. In thisconfiguration, dies 626 and 627 are upward facing, and die 629 isdownward facing.

Die stack 608 is similar to die stack 605, except generally for thefollowing differences. A die 633 is coupled to substrate 301 using alow-profile die-to-die interconnect technology (not shown), such asflip-chip for example. Die 633 is positioned under die 626 and islocated within a bond via array 501.

Die stack 609 is similar to die stack 608, except generally for thefollowing differences. A spacer layer 635 is disposed between dies 633and 626, and a cold plate or other heat sink 640 is coupled to a frontside surface of die 629.

Die stack 610 is similar to die stack 608, except generally for thefollowing differences. Die 629 is replaced with dies 631 and 632. Aportion of a backside surface of each of dies 631 and 632 is disposed ona spacer layer 625. A left side portion of such backside surface of die631 is coupled to top ends of tall wires 520 of a left side portion of abond via array 502, and a right side portion of such backside surface ofdie 632 is coupled to top ends of tall wires 520 of a right side portionof bond via array 502.

Die stack 611 is similar to die stack 610, except generally for thefollowing differences. A die 633 is added, such as previously describedwith reference to die stack 608.

Die stack 612 is similar to die stack 610, except generally for thefollowing differences. Dies 631 and 632 have respective front sidesthereof on spacer layer 625. Backsides of dies 631 and 632 arerespectively wire bonded via wires 621 to top ends of tall wires 520 ofa bond via array 502 on left and right side portions respectivelythereof.

For die stack 613, separate dies 636 and 637 are coupled to short wires510 of a bond via array 501. Bond via array 501 is disposed within abond via array 505; however, in this example a portion of bond via array505, or a separate bond via array 505, is disposed within bond via array501. Dies 636 and 637 may have their respective front side surfacescoupled to bond via array 501. An RDL 628 is metallurgically coupled totop ends of bond via array or arrays 505, as well as to respectivebackside surfaces of dies 636 and 637. A top surface of RDL 628 hasmetallurgically coupled thereto respective backside surfaces of dies 638and 639. Dies 638 and 639 may be positioned above dies 636 and 637,respectively.

FIGS. 6E-1 through 6E-9 are block diagrams of side views of exemplarypackage-on-package assemblies (“die stacks”) 603R, 604R, 605R, 607R,608R, 609R, 610R, 611R, and 613R, each of which may have two or morebond via arrays with wires of different heights. With simultaneousreference to FIGS. 6A through 6D and 6E-1 through 6E-9, die stacks 603R,604R, 605R, 607R, 608R, 609R, 610R, 611R, and 613R are furtherdescribed. Generally, die stacks 603R, 604R, 605R, 607R, 608R, 609R,610R, 611R, and 613R respectively correspond to 603, 604, 605, 607, 608,609, 610, 611, and 613, except that die stacks 603R, 604R, 605R, 607R,608R, 609R, 610R, 611R, and 613R may be assembled in a reverse directionor order (“upside down”). Additionally, die stack 607R may have dies626, 627 and 629 sequentially interconnected using bumps 623, and diestacks 608R and 611R may have dies 633 and 626 interconnected usingbumps 623. Additionally, optionally die 627 may include TSVs 667 forinterconnect dies 626 and 629 through such TSVs 667. Along those lines,even though bond via arrays or bumps are illustratively depicted in diestacks as described herein, in some implementations such bumps or ballsmay be switched for bond via arrays, and vice versa. Additionally, indie stack 613R, a bond via array 505 between dies 636 and 637 in diestack 613 may be omitted in die stack 613R. An initial or base die ordies in one or more of die stacks 603R, 604R, 605R, 607R, 608R, 609R,610R, 611R, and 613R may be an interposer.

Die stacks 603R, 604R, 605R, 607R, 608R, 609R, 610R, 611R, and 613R maybe assembled before or after singulation. Furthermore, one or more ofdie stacks 603R, 604R, 605R, 607R, 608R, 609R, 610R, 611R, and 613R maybe coupled to a substrate, such as substrate 301 for example.

FIGS. 7A through 7E-3 are block diagrams of side views depicting severalexemplary die stacks 701 through 703, which may in part be commonlyformed with reference to FIGS. 7A through 7D. Processing of such diestacks 701 through 703 may be included as part of process flow 300. Withsimultaneous reference to FIGS. 7A through 7E-3, exemplary die stacks701 through 703 are further described.

At FIG. 7A, to provide a spacer layer 711, an adhesive, encapsulant ormolding compound, such as used to provide a spacer layer as previouslydescribed, may be deposited, such as by any of a variety of pasteprinting, transfer molding, liquid encapsulant molding, vacuumlaminating, spin coating or other suitable application. Spacer layer 711may be formed over substrate 301 such that such molding compoundsurrounds wires 510 and 515, with top portions thereof extending abovean upper surface of spacer layer 711. Spacer layer 711 may provideadditional support for wires 510, as well as subsequently wires 515, forattachment of a die.

At FIG. 7B, a die 626 may be attached to top ends of short wires 510.Even though attachment of a single die 626 is described below inadditional detail, a stack of dies, such as die 626 and another die 726,as well as other die, may optionally be coupled to one another in astack. In such an implementation, longer outer BVA wires, as generallyindicated by optional lengths 727, may be used to accommodate a diestack. In one implementation, the stack of dies over die 626 may becouple to another via through die connectors or electrodes or TSVs.

At FIG. 7C, an underfill layer 712 may be deposited so as to be disposedover spacer layer 711, as well as under die 626. Optionally, underfilllayer 712 may be deposited after spacer layer 711 is deposited butbefore attachment of die 626. At FIG. 7D, another spacer layer 713 maybe deposited, such as previously described with reference to spacerlayer 711, so as to surround a sidewall or sidewalls of die 626, as wellas to be disposed around medium wires 515. Top portions of medium wires515 extend above an upper surface of spacer layer 713.

For die stack 701, at FIG. 7E-1 a die 627 may be coupled to such topportions of medium wires of FIG. 7D, and subsequent thereto anotherunderfill layer 714 may be deposited under die 627. Optionally, one ormore other dies 627 may be part of such die stack 701.

For die stack 702, at FIG. 7E-2 dies 631 and 632 may respectively becoupled to such top portions of medium wires of FIG. 7D, and subsequentthereto an underfill layer 714 may be deposited under dies 631 and 632.

For die stack 703, at FIG. 7E-3 an RDL 628 may respectively be coupledto top portions of medium wires of FIG. 7D, and be metallurgicallycoupled to die 626. One or more dies 641 through 644 may bemetallurgically coupled to a top surface of RDL 628.

Accordingly, it should be understood that substrate 301 may be a waferfor wafer-level packaging, or substrate 301 may be an individual packagesubstrate for chip-level packaging. It should further be understood thatmultiple wires of varying diameters and lengths may be used. Along thoselines, generally short wires may have a length in a range ofapproximately 0.01 to 0.1 mm, a diameter in a range of approximately0.01 to 0.1 mm, and a pitch in a range of approximately less than 0.5mm. Generally medium wires may have a length in a range of approximately0.05 to 0.5, a diameter in a range of approximately 0.01 to 0.1 mm, anda pitch in a range of approximately 0.01 to 0.5. Generally tall wiresmay have a length in a range of approximately 0.1 to 1 mm, a diameter ina range of approximately 0.01 to 0.2, and a pitch in a range ofapproximately 0.01 to 0.5. Additionally, such short, medium and tallwires may be made of different materials for different conductivitiesand/or varying e-moduli. Such wires may be formed with e-beam may haveminimal intermetallic formation with fast fusion bonding, minimalthermal preload on a package, and/or reduced stress in a package.Furthermore, such wires formed with e-beam or with photolithography maybe vertical wires for densely packed bond via arrays.

Generally, wires, such as wires 510, 515, and 520 are vertical within+/−3 degrees with respect to being perpendicular to a top surface 318 ofsubstrate 301. However, such wires need not be formed with suchverticality in other implementations.

FIGS. 8A and 8B are respective top-down perspective views depictingexemplary angled wire configurations 800 and 810. In angled wireconfiguration 800, an angled tall wire 520L and a tall wire 520 are fusebonded to a same landing pad 801 on a top surface 318 of substrate 301.A solder ball or bump 454 may be commonly deposited on top ends of suchwires 520L and 520. In this angled wire configuration 800, which may beused for a high-power, a robust ground or supply, or other application,angled tall wire 520L may generally be in a range of approximately lessthan 90 degrees with respect to top surface 318. In angled wireconfiguration 810, a bond via array 811 includes angled tall wires 520L,as well as vertical tall wires 520. Angled tall wires 520 may be used toextend to a different die than tall wires 520, to provide a wire bondingsurface separate from vertical tall wires 520 which may be coupled to adie or RDL, or other application. Along the above lines, at least onebond via array, whether for tall, medium, or short wires, may have aportion of such wires thereof being angled wires, such as angled wires520L for example.

FIGS. 9A and 9B are block diagrams of side views of exemplary in-processbond via array configurations 911 through 913 and 914 through 916,respectively. FIGS. 9A and 9B are described together, as portions ofeach may be used in a device.

Along those lines, two or more of same instances or combinations ofdifferent instances of bond via array configurations 911 through 916 maybe disposed on a common substrate 301. Each of bond via arrayconfigurations 911 through 916 includes two bond via arrays with wires310 and 320 of different heights, as previously described. In theseexamples, short wires 310 and tall wires 320 are used; however, othercombinations of wires may be used in other examples in accordance withthe above description.

Bond via array configuration 911 includes a die 626 coupled to an innerbond via array formed of wires 310. An outer bond via array formed ofwires 320, in which such inner bond via array is located, has coupledthereto one or more electronic components 901. Die 626 may be coupled toone or more electronic components 901 via wires 310 and 320, as well asby bumps 623 and substrate 301 such as previously described. Electroniccomponents 901 may be above die 626.

Electronic components 901 are discrete components or devices. Electroniccomponents 901 may be active, passive, or electromechanical components.For purposes of clarity by way of example and not limitation, it shallbe assumed that electronic components 901 are passive components.Examples of passive components include one or more capacitors (“C”)including arrays and networks thereof, one or more resistors (“R”)including arrays and networks thereof, one or more magnetic devicesincluding inductors (“L”), RC networks, LC networks, RLC networks,transducers, sensors, detectors, and antennas, among others. Examples ofactive components include transistors, optoelectronic devices, anddiodes, among others.

Bond via array configuration 912 includes a die 626 coupled to an innerbond via array formed of wires 310. An outer bond via array formed ofwires 320, in which such inner bond via array is located, has coupledthereto an RDL 628. Coupled to RDL 628 may be one or more electroniccomponents 901. Die 626 may be coupled to one or more electroniccomponents 901 via wires 310 and 320 and RDL 628, as well as by bumps623 and substrate 301 such as previously described. Electroniccomponents 901 may be above die 626, and RDL 628 may be over die 626 bybridging wires 320 of a bond via array thereof.

Bond via array configuration 913 includes a die 626 coupled to an innerbond via array formed of wires 310. An outer bond via array formed ofwires 320, in which such inner bond via array is located, has coupledthereto an interposer 908. Coupled to interposer 908 may be one or moreelectronic components 901. Again, die 626 may be coupled to one or moreelectronic components 901 via wires 310 and 320 and interposer 908, aswell as by bumps 623 and substrate 301 such as previously described.Electronic components 901 may be above die 626, and interposer 908 maybe over die 626 by bridging wires 320 of a bond via array thereof.

In bond via array configurations 911 through 913, electronic components901 are disposed outside of a perimeter of an inner die 626. Withrespect to bond via array configurations 911 through 913, at least oneelectronic component 901 is at least partially disposed outside of aninner bond via array, and a die 626 is at least partially disposedwithin an outer bond via array. However, in bond via arrayconfigurations 914 through 916, at least one electronic component 901 isdisposed at least partially within an outer bond via array, as well asdisposed within an outside perimeter of upper die 627.

Bond via array configuration 914 includes a die 627 coupled to an outerbond via array formed of wires 320. An inner bond via array formed ofwires 310, located within such outer bond via array, may have coupledthereto one or more electronic components 901. Die 627 may be coupled toone or more electronic components 901 via wires 310 and 320, as well asby bumps 623 and substrate 301 such as previously described. Electroniccomponents 901 may be below die 627, and die 627 may be over one or moreelectronic components 901 by bridging wires 320 of a bond via arraythereof.

Bond via array configuration 915 includes a die 627 coupled to an outerbond via array formed of wires 320. An inner bond via array formed ofwires 310, located within such outer bond via array, may have coupledthereto an RDL 628. RDL 628 may have coupled thereto one or moreelectronic components 901. Die 627 may be coupled to one or moreelectronic components 901 via wires 310 and 320 and RDL 628, as well asby bumps 623 and substrate 301 such as previously described. Electroniccomponents 901 may be below die 627, and die 627 may be over one or moreelectronic components 901 by bridging wires 320 of a bond via arraythereof.

Bond via array configuration 916 includes a die 627 coupled to an outerbond via array formed of wires 320. An inner bond via array formed ofwires 310, located within such outer bond via array, may have coupledthereto an interposer 908. Interposer 908 may have coupled thereto oneor more electronic components 901. Die 627 may be coupled to one or moreelectronic components 901 via wires 310 and 320 and interposer 908, aswell as by bumps 623 and substrate 301 such as previously described.Electronic components 901 may be below die 627, and die 627 may be overone or more electronic components 901 by bridging wires 320 of a bondvia array thereof.

While the foregoing describes exemplary embodiment(s) in accordance withone or more aspects of the invention, other and further embodiment(s) inaccordance with the one or more aspects of the invention may be devisedwithout departing from the scope thereof, which is determined by theclaim(s) that follow and equivalents thereof. Claim(s) listing steps donot imply any order of the steps. Trademarks are the property of theirrespective owners.

What is claimed is:
 1. An apparatus, comprising: a substrate; first wirebond wires (“first wires”) in a first region, the first wires extendingfrom a surface of the substrate; second wire bond wires (“second wires”)in a second region, the second wires extending from the surface of thesubstrate; wherein the first wires and the second wires are external tothe substrate; wherein the first region is disposed at least partiallywithin the second region; wherein the first wires are of a first height;and wherein the second wires are of a second height greater than thefirst height for coupling of at least one electronic component to thefirst wires.
 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the atleast one electronic component includes a discrete passive component;the discrete passive component is coupled to first ends of the firstwires; a die is coupled to second ends of the second wires; and the dieis disposed over the discrete passive component.
 3. The apparatusaccording to claim 2, wherein the discrete passive component and the dieare mechanically and electrically coupled to one another.
 4. Theapparatus according to claim 2, wherein the discrete passive componentis coupled to an interposer disposed at least partially within thesecond region.
 5. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein thediscrete passive component is coupled to a redistribution layer disposedat least partially within the second region.
 6. The apparatus accordingto claim 1, wherein: the at least one electronic component includes adiscrete electromechanical component; the discrete electromechanicalcomponent is coupled to first ends of the first wires; a die is coupledto second ends of the second wires; and the die is disposed over thediscrete electromechanical component.
 7. An apparatus, comprising: asubstrate; first wire bond wires (“first wires”) in a first region, thefirst wires extending from a surface of the substrate; second wire bondwires (“second wires”) in a second region, the second wires extendingfrom the surface of the substrate; wherein the first wires and thesecond wires are external to the substrate; wherein the first region isdisposed at least partially within the second region; wherein the firstwires are of a first height; wherein the second wires are of a secondheight greater than the first height for coupling of: at least oneelectronic component to the second wires disposed above the first wires;and at least one die to the first wires at least partially disposedwithin the second region.
 8. The apparatus according to claim 7,wherein: the at least one electronic component is a discrete passivecomponent; the discrete passive component is coupled to first ends ofthe second wires; the die is coupled to second ends of the first wires;and the die is disposed below the discrete passive component.
 9. Theapparatus according to claim 8, wherein the discrete passive componentand the die are mechanically and electrically coupled to one another.10. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the discrete passivecomponent is coupled to an interposer, the interposer being coupled tothe second wires and disposed over the first wires.
 11. The apparatusaccording to claim 8, wherein the discrete passive component is coupledto a redistribution layer, the redistribution layer being coupled to thesecond wires and disposed over the first wires.
 12. The apparatusaccording to claim 7, wherein: the at least one electronic component isa discrete electromechanical component; the discrete electromechanicalcomponent is coupled to first ends of the second wires; the die iscoupled to second ends of the first wires; and the die is disposed belowthe discrete electromechanical component.
 13. An apparatus, comprising:a substrate; first wire bond wires (“first wires”) in a first region,the first wires extending away from a surface of the substrate; secondwire bond wires (“second wires”) in a second region, the second wiresextending away from the surface of the substrate; wherein the firstwires and the second wires are external to the substrate; wherein thefirst wires are of a first height; and wherein the second wires are of asecond height greater than the first height.
 14. The apparatus accordingto claim 13, wherein: one active or passive first electronic componentis coupled to first ends of the second wires; and one active or passivesecond electronic component is coupled to second ends of the firstwires.
 15. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein at least one setof the first wires or the second wires are unevenly spaced apart fromone another.
 16. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein at leastone set of the first wires or the second wires have differentcross-sectional dimensions from one another.
 17. An apparatus,comprising: a first die and a second die; first wire bond wires of afirst height extending from a surface of the first die; second wire bondwires of a second height greater than the first height extending from asurface of the second die; the first wire bond wires and the second wirebond wires external to the first die and the second die, respectively;and the first wire bond wires disposed at least partially within a firstregion defined by the second wire bond wires for a package-on-packageconfiguration.
 18. The apparatus according to claim 17, furthercomprising: a redistribution layer; third wire bond wires of a thirdheight greater than the second height external to the redistributionlayer, the third wire bond wires extending from a surface of theredistribution layer; and the first wire bond wires and the second wirebond wires disposed at least partially within a second region defined bythe third wire bond wires for the package-on-package configuration. 19.The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein the second die is a passivedevice.
 20. The apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the passivedevice includes a redistribution layer.